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| Book/Report | FZJ-2019-02077 |
1997
Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag
Jülich
Please use a persistent id in citations: http://hdl.handle.net/2128/21980
Report No.: Juel-3406
Abstract: For the operators of small incineration plants for chemotoxic or radioactive hazardous waste, advanced incineration techniques are of interest with a view to improvingthe operating characterstics and reducing gaseous pollutant emissions. The subject of this study was to investigate oxygen enrichment in the supply air for theincineration of hazardous waste. The aim was to determine the benefits and disadvantages of this technology for industrial application. Pilot-scale experiments were carried out in a swivelling furnace. The waste throughput was increased by a factor of 3 during the experiments while maintaining the exhaust gas quality, which implies a cost-efficient capacity expansion. On the other hand, considerable energy savings and a diminution of the exhaust gas purification section are achieved by reducing the nitrogen content in the supply air. Moreover, short-time oxygen addition can reduce unburned hydrocarbon emissions in the event of larger packages being incinerated. The discharge of heavy metals was significantly reduced to 40 percent by oxygenation. The results of the measurements show that the frequently discussed reduction of pollutants does not occur. This applies to nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), chlorinated benzenes and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/F). Due to a three-fold reduction in exhaust gas volume and the same pollutant concentration, a waste-mass-related reduction of the pollutant emission occurs. Therefore, incineration with oxygen enrichment is more environment-friendly than the conventional incineration process. For larger plant dimensions, however, an increase in nitrogen oxide and carbon monoxide emissions is to be assumed. A clear reduction of the emission of organic hydrocarbon compounds was achieved by increasing the residence time of the exhaust gas in the combustion chamber. It was even possible to reduce the PCDD/F emissions under the legal limit, which is 0,1 ng/Nm$^{3}$.
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